Bai'ah or Allegiance

An allegiance is a duty of fidelity said to be owed by a subject or a citizen to his/her state or sovereign.

The Islamic word for allegiance is Bay'at (Arabic: بيعت), which means "taking hand". The practice is sanctioned in the Qur'an by Surah 48:10: "Verily, those who give thee their allegiance, they give it but to Allah Himself".[1]

The word is used for the oath of allegiance to an emir. It is also used for the initiation ceremony specific to many Sufi orders.

There were four kinds of allegiances:

(a) Ligeantia naturalis, absoluta, pura et indefinita, and this originally is due by nature and birthright, and is called alta ligeantia, and those that owe this are called subditus natus;

(b) Ligeantia acquisita, not by nature but by acquisition or denization, being called a denizen, or rather denizon, because they are subditus datus;

(c) Ligeantia localis, by operation of law, when a friendly alien enters the country, because so long as they are in the country they are within the Sovereign's protection, therefore they owe the Sovereign a local obedience or allegiance.

(d) A legal obedience, where a particular law requires the taking of an oath of allegiance by subject or alien alike.

In the end of this discussion,I would like to relate this topic with the necessities:

-To put an allegiance between man and God.
-To put an allegiance between man and organisation
-To put an allegiance between man and nation
-To put an allegiance between Muslim and ethnicities (Jews, Christians, etc)

Antichrist = Al Masih Dajjal

1.The word Antichrist is not capitalized in most translations of the Bible. According to the Bible, Antichrist deny "that Jesus is the Christ", "the Father and the Son", and would "not confess Jesus came in the flesh."

2. In Islam, the Antichrist is known as the "False Christ" or "The impostor Christ" (Al Massih al Dajjal).Antichrist refers to Dajjal. I say that because In Islam (Saying of the Prophet Muhammad),Dajjal equipped with the same characteristic as Antichrist. Even, Dajjal denies the existence of God. Dajjal literally means "The Impostor Messiah" is an evil figure in Islamic eschatology. He is to appear pretending to be Masih (or the Messiah) at a time in the future, before Yawm al-Qiyamah (Judgment Day).

3.The belief is based around the events prior to the Day of Judgment around the Second Coming of Isa (Jesus), when ad-Dajjal who is blind in his right eye, shall gather an army of those he has deceived and lead them in a war against Jesus, who shall be accompanied by an army of the righteous. He will appear somewhere between Syria and Iraq, at which time Prophet Isa will return and the Mahdi will come, the Dajjal will travel the whole world preaching his falsehood but will be unable to enter Mecca or Medina.

3.So,Dajjal and Antichrist is the same 'being' related to both Islam and Christian understanding. But we don't know how and when 'he' will be. Then, we should ask: When is it coming? Is it 2012 according to classical books?

4.Nostradamus in his famous book of prediction "The Prophecies" also predicted about Antichrist. In his book, he mentioned about weapons (war), famine, drought etc. Some says that his writings has a connection with the tragedy of 9/11 in New York. Therefore perhaps he is true. Today, this world is related to war,terrorism attack, famine and drought.

5. Then, we should ask again: When is it coming? Is it 2012 according to classical books and movie?

The New Code for Jihad

Tripoli, Libya (CNN) -- From within Libya's most secure jail a new challenge to al Qaeda is emerging.

Leaders of one of the world's most effective jihadist organizations, the Libyan Islamic Fighting Group (LIFG), have written a new "code" for jihad. The LIFG says it now views the armed struggle it waged against Col. Moammar Gadhafi's regime for two decades as illegal under Islamic law.

The new code, a 417-page religious document entitled "Corrective Studies" is the result of more than two years of intense and secret talks between the leaders of the LIFG and Libyan security officials.

The code's most direct challenge to al Qaeda is this: "Jihad has ethics and morals because it is for God. That means it is forbidden to kill women, children, elderly people, priests, messengers, traders and the like. Betrayal is prohibited and it is vital to keep promises and treat prisoners of war in a good way. Standing by those ethics is what distinguishes Muslims' jihad from the wars of other nations."

The code has been circulated among some of the most respected religious scholars in the Middle East and has been given widespread backing. It is being debated by politicians in the U.S. and studied by western intelligence agencies.

Israel also talks about peace and security?!

Netanyahu: Obama talks aided Israel security, peace
By Jeffrey Heller

ANDREWS AIR FORCE BASE, Md. (Reuters) - Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu concluded an unusually low-key U.S. visit on Tuesday voicing confidence that his White House talks had helped secure Israel and promote peace efforts.


Israel's Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu in Jerusalem June 17, 2009. (REUTERS/Ammar Awad/Files)

Netanyahu, whose ties with Washington have been strained by Israeli settlement expansion on occupied West Bank land where Palestinians seek statehood, met U.S. President Barack Obama with little notice and minimal media exposure on Monday evening.

"It was a very focused and very positive conversation," he told reporters before departing. "This conversation dealt with the range of subjects that are important for the security of Israel, and for our joint efforts to advance peace."

He did not elaborate, saying only: "I think this visit will turn out to have been very important."

Mahmoud Abbas, the U.S.-sponsored Palestinian president, has accused Washington of failing to press Israel strongly for a freeze on settlements as mandated by a 2003 peace "road map" and says he has no desire to run for re-election in January.

This has put a further obstacle in the path of Obama's bid to promote talks between Netanyahu's rightist government and a Palestinian movement riven between Abbas's secular rule and Islamist Hamas, which controls the Gaza Strip and opposes coexistence with the Jewish state.

Yuli Edelstein, an Israeli cabinet minister accompanying Netanyahu, said in a radio interview that the White House meeting had included a discussion of Iran, whose nuclear program and support for Hamas and Lebanon's Hezbollah guerrillas are cited by Israel as obstacles to peacemaking.

Israel backs efforts by the United States and other powers to talk Tehran into curbing nuclear projects with bomb-making potential. But the Israelis, assumed to have the Middle East's only atomic arms, have not ruled out preemptive military action.

FRANCE SAYS 'REAL DIFFERENCE OF OPINION'

Netanyahu has proposed temporarily limiting building in West Bank settlements to 3,000 houses. He has said East Jerusalem, also captured in a 1967 war and annexed as Israel's capital in a move not recognized abroad, must be kept out of the equation.

"My goal is not negotiations for the sake of negotiations. My goal is to achieve a permanent peace treaty between Israel and the Palestinians -- and soon," Netanyahu told a conference of American Jewish leaders on Monday.

"Let's get on with it. Let's move," he said, an exhortation cautiously echoed by the Obama administration in easing its public pressure on Israel over the settlements.

Palestinians want to base their own future capital in Jerusalem and see the settlements -- which the World Court has branded illegal -- as an obstacle to territorial sovereignty.

Israel's posture drew a rebuke from France, where Netanyahu stops on Wednesday for talks with President Nicolas Sarkozy.

Asked about the settlements in an interview, French Foreign Minister Bernard Kouchner said: "There is a real difference of opinion on this (between Sarkozy and Netanyahu)."

Kouchner, who called for Abbas to stay on, deplored what he described as the ebbing of popular Israeli desires for peace.

"What really hurts me, and this shocks us, is that before there used to be a great peace movement in Israel," he told France Inter radio.

"It seems to me, and I hope that I am completely wrong, that this desire has completely vanished, as though people no longer believe in it."

(Additional reporting by Crispian Balmer in Paris and Allyn Fisher-Ilan in Jerusalem; Writing by Dan Williams, Editing by Cynthia Osterman)

Copyright © 2008 Reuters

p/s: Hahha...Israel pun dah pandai cakap pasal keselamatan,keamanan. Mana dia belajar tu? Itu pun cakap bisik-bisik telinga dengan Barack Obama. Obama tak boleh buat apa-apa pasal dia kan baru menang hadiah Nobel Keamanan. Pengaman apa kalau sokong Israel berperang-perang. Israel @ Zionis sebenarnya sedang menjadi barah di Asia Barat. Sebut je Israel,orang akan benci dan orang akan ingat Amerika. Amerika pulak takut dikaitkan dengan Israel. Pilihanraya Presiden lambat lagi. Hehehe. Orang Islam pulak dah tak takut Israel. Lawan perang dengan MESIR(1973) dan HAMAS(2009) pun kalah. Apa-apa perjanjian damai pun dah tak laku lagi. Kalau dulu Turki digelar 'Orang Sakit Eropah' sekarang Israel layak digelar 'Orang Sakit Asia Barat.' Mampus gi la Regim Israel! Sikit hari lagi hancurlah tu..Amin.

Perihal Masyarakat Madani

Mukadimah

Slogan 'Masyarakat Madani' pula muncul lebih awal ketika itu, iaitu diucapkan oleh Dato' Seri Anwar Ibrahim, selaku Timbalan Perdana Menteri Malaysia ketika itu di Syarahan Festival Istiqlal, di Jakarta pada 26 September 1995. Ketika itulah kalimah Masyarakat Madani bermula dan susulan daripada itu berlangsung satu seminar peringkat kebangsaan di UKM bagi membincangkan idea menubuhkan masyarakat madani di Malaysia.

Secara ringkas, jika ditelusuri mengikut konteks makna, masyarakat Madani menurut Prof. Naquib Al-Attas, ialah masyarakat yang didirikan atas konsep din iaitu agama. Kalimah 'Madani' diambil daripada kalimah 'din'; dan di situlah agama menjadi teras dalam menjalani kehidupan. Amanah, jujur, ikhlas, taat perintah Tuhan dan sebagainya yang berdiri atas agama menjadi pekerjaan utama. Malah masyarakat Madani juga adalah jelmaan 'masyarakat Madinah' ketika zaman Nabi Muhammad saw. Walaupun tidak secara 100%, akan tetapi roh serta konsepnya hampir sama.

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Pengertian Masyarakat Madani

Hingga saat ini masyarakat madani masih menjadi wacana. Di samping itu, masyarakat madani sering dikatakan sebuah masyarakat yangdiimajinasikan, karena sepanjang sejarah islam masyarakat madani baru terwujud pada masa Rasullah di Madinah al-Munawwarah.Justru kata madinah menunjukkan masyarakat yang madani (beradab). Apa sesungguhnya masyarakat madani, bagaimana konsepnya, serta bagaimana masyarakat islam mewujudkannya? persoalan itu akan dijelaskan pada uraian berikut.

Secara etimologis,masyarakat madani berarti masyarakat kota(mujtama’al-madani)atau masyarakat utama(mujtama al-fadhilah/khaira ummah). Istilah mujtama’al-madani digunakan oleh cendikiawan muslim Malaysia,Naquib Al-Attas,kemudian diperkenalkan oleh Anwar Ibrahim(mantan wakil perdana menteri malaysia) kepada masyarakat indonesia. Selanjutnya istilah itu banyak digunakan oleh cendikiawan muslim modernis,seperti Nurcholis Madjid dan Dawan Raharjo. Sedangkan istilah mujtama’al-fadhilah digunakan para filosofi muslim,seperti Al-Farabi dan istilah khaira ummah,pernah digunakan Muhammadiyah.Masyarakat madani adalah suatu masyarakat ideal yang didalamnya hidup manusia-manusia partisipan yang masing-masing diakui sebagai warga dengan kedudukan yang serba serta dan sama dalam soal pembagian hak dan kewajiban. Masyarakat madani (almujtama’al-madani) adalah masyarakat bermoral yang menjamin keseimbangan antara kebebasan individu dan stabilitas masyarakat, dimana masyarkat memiliki motivasi dan inisiatif indivudual. Masyarakat madani adalah masyarakat yang secara umum memiki ciri-ciri berbudaya, berperadaban, demokratis, dan berkeadilan. Masyarakat madani adalah masyarakat masyarakat yang berperadaban(ber-“madaniyah”), karena tunduk dan patuh pada ajaran kepatuhan yang dinyatakan dalam supermasi hukum dan peraturan.

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Dalam perkembangan selanjutnya terjadi pendewasaan proses, yang dilengkapi dengan seperangkat 'perjanjian dan aturan', oleh para ahli sejarah hal ini ditafsirkan sebagai munculnya sebuah 'negara kota' atau 'city state'. Disinilah lahir sebuah masyarakat yang hidup dan berkembang yang berada disebuah kota bernama Madinah Al Munawarah. Masyarakat yang terdiri dari beberapa ethnis dan mereka memberi kesempatan tumbuhnya Agama yang berbeda, berinteraksi satu dengan lainnya dalam bingkai 'perjanjian dan aturan tertentu', maka masyarakat demikian inilah yang dikenal sebagai 'Masyarakat Madani'.

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Konsep Masyarakat Madani di Barat (Civil Society)

Istilah civil society berasal dari bahasa Latin societes civiles yang mula-mula dipakai oleh Cicero (106-43 SM), seorang orator, politisi dan filosof Roma. Sejak saat itu sampai dengan abad ke-18, pengertian civil society masih disamakan dengan negara (the state), yakni sekelompok masyarakat yang mendominasi seluruh kelompok lain.

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Di Malaysia,idea masyarakat madani yang dicanangkan dianggap telah berhasil dengan kewujudan Yayasan 1Malaysia.Pertubuhan ini dianggotai oleh tokoh-tokoh ilmuan Malaysia seperti Dr Chandra Muzaffar.Akan tetapi,itu tidak bermakna masyarakat Malaysia ini sudah berjaya dinobatkan sebagai masyarakat madani,ataupun sebuah model masyarakat sivil di dunia.Masyarakat di Indonesia mungkin lebih baik,siapa tahu?(merujuk kepada Yayasan Paramadina,Indonesia)

Establishment of this society doesn't feel by the individual,unless he/she are 'civilised' and 'in morally manner.' If he is in moral and strong religion,he has constitute one of particle 'cell' in masyarakat madani 'body.'

Kebaikan Negara Hukum

Negara hukum (base on act,law and verdict) ertinya negara yang berdasarkan hukum dan bukan berdasarkan kekuasaan belaka. Negara hukum didirikan berdasarkan idea kedaulatan hukum sebagai kekuasaan tertinggi.

Kontrak sosial di Malaysia merupakan salah satu ciri penting dalam perundangan/perhukuman negara yang menjamin kestabilan politik sehingga ke hari ini.

Langkah menjenayahkan perang (criminalise war) yang diperjuangkan oleh Yayasan Perang Kuala Lumpur) tidak akan terlaksana tanpa kewujudan negara hukum. Mana-mana negara perlu mendisiplinkan masyarakatnya supaya mematuhi peraturan dan undang-undang sebagaimana termaktub dalam rukun negara yang ke-4, iaitu kedaulatan undang-undang.

Fokus masyarakat antarabangsa sekarang ialah sejarah kes peperang di Serbia dan Gaza.Pemimpin Serbia (Karadzic) dan Israel perlu mematuhi perundangan sesebuah negara,dalam ertikata menghormati kedaulatan negara tersebut.

Sejarah menunjukkan banyak negara tidak berdaulat/tiada daulat di dalamya kerana tidak menjadi negara hukum yang dihormati walaupun mempunyai kuasa eksekutif, Sultan atau Raja yang memerintah.

Bilamana tiada daulat,rakyat juga menjadi terlalu bebas beretorik,tetapi tidak berpegang kepada sumber retorika i.e. pemikiran.

Pemikiran diikat dengan bahasa dan kata-kata. Bahasa yang terbaik ialah hukum.Demi keselamatan.

Kebaikan-kebaikan negara hukum yang telah disuarakan adalah pendirian inklusif penulis,bukan memberati mana-mana pihak.

Sekian.

Kelantan Naib Juara Piala Malaysia 2009- Syabas!

Berita yang beru dipetik dari Utusan Online:

Negeri Sembilan juara Piala Malaysia
07/11/2009 10:39pm

KUALA LUMPUR – Penantian 61 tahun skuad Negeri Sembilan akhirnya berbaloi apabila menjuarai Piala Malaysia edisi ke-84 di Stadium Nasional Bukit Jalil selepas mengalahkan Kelantan 3-1 sebentar tadi.

Gol skuad Rusa dijaringkan oleh Shahurain Abu Samah (m-17), Hairudddin Omar (m-46) dan Mohd. Zaquan Adha Radzak (pen, m-59).

Kali terakhir Skuad Hoben Jang Hoben membawa pulang piala itu ialah pada tahun 1948 yang ketika itu dikenali sebagai Piala HMS-Malaya.

Kelantan yang merupakan pasukan favorite dilihat lemah dalam melakukan penyudah untuk mencari gol di samping pertahanan yang longgar untuk memberi peluang kepada pemain Negeri Sembilan menyumbat gol.

Namun bintang Kijang, Indra Putra Mahayuddin berjaya memperoleh gol saguhati pada masa kecederaan m-93 melalui sepakan percuma.

Kapasiti 85,000 tempat duduk di Stadium Nasional Bukit Jalil yang majoritinya dipenuhi dengan penyokong Kelantan turut diwarnai dengan pelbagai kejadian yang kurang menarik termasuk beberapa kerusi penonton dibakar selain botol air minuman dan mercun dibaling ke dalam padang.